In stepping up the pressure on Pakistan, the US, Afghanistan and India are acutely conscious that their quarrel is not with the civilian leaders in Islamabad, who may be well-meaning but weak. Their security challenge emanates from the ISI and the army that are now accountable to no one. In order to tilt the balance of power within Pakistan against the ISI and establish the long-overdue civilian dominance over the armed forces, Washington, Kabul and New Delhi must better coordinate their policies and construct a new set of incentives and disincentives for Pakistan. Karzai’s visit to New Delhi on Monday provides an opportunity to begin that strategic conversation about shaping Pakistan’s future behaviour.