The Prime Minister’s Office has instructed the Ministry of Roads, Transport and Highways to prepare a revised Cabinet note merging the first and second phases of the Special Accelerated Road Development Programme for the North East.

Result: the 2013 rollout for an estimated 3000 km of roads in Arunachal has been advanced by four years to 2009.

The Arunachal focus, sources said, helps the government strengthen its negotiating position in the boundary talks where Beijing continues to make a case for Tawang, Asafica, Kinzemane and Longjou areas of the state. In fact, Tawang is the critical issue around which the current round of New Delhi-Beijing talks revolve.

Given that both sides have accepted the principle of “safeguarding interests of settled populations”, it is important that the ground reality in Arunachal Pradesh leaves little room for doubt. After all, New Delhi believes, Beijing has used the same strategy in Tibet.

So about 3062 km of road network will be built in Arunachal Pradesh, which is nearly 50 per cent of the entire programme. Of this, almost 40% is marked “strategically important”.

This translates into eight strategic roads proposed by the Ministry of External Affairs (see map) plus two added following discussions with the state government.

The network includes two stretches that touch close to the India-Bhutan-China trijunction and the India-China-Myanmar trijunction. And the Indian portion of the historic Stillwell (India-Myanmar-China) road.

The aim is to link up border points with the (Assam-Arunachal Pradesh) National Highway 52, which is also being four-laned under the NHDP-3. The plan meshes with what Prime Minister Manmohan Singh has envisioned for the North-East: by the end of the Eleventh Five-year plan, connectivity for all 85 districts of the North-East by road and all state capitals by two modes of transport.

So, 11 more airports, including one in Itanagar, are being built taking the total up to 23 in this region. The Railways, too, has developed its own gauge conversion plan.

Post-1962, there were efforts made to settle population in these areas and financial help in the form of subsidies was also extended. However, the lack of infrastructure stood in the way.

Incidentally, this policy is a reversal of the earlier military logic that these areas be kept underdeveloped to prevent easier access for Chinese Army. But the fact is that the Army too has modified its plans and feels that better roads give it greater mobility.