Pakistan aims to develop smaller lighter nuclear warheads: report

Expanding its nuclear arsenal at a rapid pace, Pakistan is now aiming to develop smaller and lighter atomic warheads more suitable for use on missiles, the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientist has said.

Pakistan is expected to surpass Britain's nuclear stockpiles in a decade, the journal said, referring to the rapid development of nuclear warheads by Islamabad. "Pakistan has shown clear signs of its intention to grow its nuclear arsenal. Most recently, the country has begun to increase its plutonium production capabilities, with two new plutonium production reactors under construction, as well as a new chemical reprocessing facility," the journal said.

"The country's increased interest in plutonium demonstrates its likely goal to develop smaller, lighter warheads more suitable for use on missiles. In 2011, Nuclear

Notebook reported that, in the next decade, Pakistan's arsenal could grow larger than that of Britain's," it said. According to the journal, the global nuclear stockpile stands at roughly 19,000 nuclear weapons ¿ the nuclear-armed states account for an estimated 420 of those weapons, while the nuclear weapon states have the rest. "With stocks of fissile material sufficient for an arsenal of up to 200 nuclear warheads, Israel may have the largest stockpile among the nuclear-armed states, while both

India and Pakistan each have around 100 warheads," it said.

"Today, these three countries have the largest arsenals they have ever had. This growth trend among key nuclear-armedstates stands in stark contrast to Britain, which, with an estimated 225 warheads, has the smallest arsenal of the

nuclear weapon states; its arsenal peaked between 1975 and 1980 with 520 warheads," it said.

Besides China, all of the nuclear weapon states typically mate their nuclear warheads and their delivery systems, with aircraft-delivered nuclear weapons being an important exception. The opposite is the norm, however, for the nuclear-armed states, the journal said. "India and Pakistan keep warheads and delivery vehicles de-mated. South Africa, when it had a weapons program, was thought to have kept its nuclear cores separate from the bomb casings. Israel is believed to keep nuclear warheads de-mated from its land-based systems, though the same may not be true

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