Now, after a long period of decline in the Russian space programme, Russian scientists and cosmonauts have finally secured a significant budget from the government.
They have been given $12 billion to spend over the next decade —a small amount compared to NASA’s budget but enough for the Russians to have ambitious plans. These include sending a manned mission to Mars, which could happen by 2020. Russian and US space chiefs signed agreements in Moscow on Wednesday to co-operate on unmanned missions that would search for potential water deposits beneath the surface of the moon and Mars.