However Pakistan’s objections over the use of gated spillways have been overruled by the neutral expert as it is one of the most important techniques to handle the problem of sedimentation which has been the bane of most Himalayan dams, both Indian and Pakistani, such as the Salal in J&K and the Mangla in PoK, reducing their storage capacity. The neutral expert has also given his approval for use of modern technology “for reasons of safety and optimum utilisation of waters”.

• What are the financial and legal implications of this outcome?

The financial implications of these modifications prove to be quite heavy as the project’s budget of over Rs 3500 crore has been spiraling owing to delays and floods. With the changes the costs would pile up to Rs 5000 crore. However, keeping in mind the long term benefits of this project, it seems to be a worthwhile investment for India and the MEA statement shows that India is all geared to go ahead with the project.

The technical aspects of the design changes have been looked into by the National Irrigation Research Institute of the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT). Most significantly, India can now construct dams for the urgently required harnessing of hydel power in J&K. Several power projects in the state have been held up due to similar objections by Pakistan.

• How would it transform the current power crisis in J&K?

J&K lacks the critical infrastructure for harnessing its abundant resources. More than 15,000 MW of electricity could be generated within the state from the Chenab itself if proper plans are formulated and implemented. J&K has thus far not been able to benefit from the IWT as the east flowing rivers of Ravi, Beas and Sutlej over which India has consumptive rights flow through Himachal Pradesh. To meet the energy requirements of the state, harnessing the west flowing rivers of Indus, Chenab and Jhelum is of utmost importance. Against its requirement of over 1,600 mw, the state generates only about 450 mw.

... contd.