Though the figures are alarming, the WHO study suggested that “more than 50 per cent of these infections can be prevented if sufficient data about their risk factors are available and relevant preventive measures are adopted”. The report recommends “washing hands as one of the vital tools, which can help prevent the spread”. “It is essential to reduce the risks of transmitting microorganisms from one person to another or from one site to another on the same patient. Doctors, the para-medical staff or the attendants must wash hands as promptly and thoroughly as possible. Gloves also play an important role in preventing the transmission,” the study says. Adds Dr Taneja, “Patients must not insist on a prolonged stay at the hospital. Controlling the use of antibiotics can also help.”