In the 1990s, the Organization of Oil Producing Countries (OPEC) cartel was eager to pump more oil in a grab for cash as prices — like today — were going up, passing what then was viewed as a healthy sum in the $20-plus range. But then the Asia economic crisis struck and oil prices plummeted to below $10 a barrel. Saudi Arabia and other producers got burned.

“They remember that and they’re not going to have that happen again,” says Robert Ebel, an international energy expert at the Center for Strategic and International Studies. “They understand the market just as well as we do.”

This time Bush, in his trip to Riyadh and his private meetings with Saudi King Abdullah, walked away with a trickle of oil, but nowhere near a gusher.

Timing the announcement with the president’s visit, the Saudis said they would pump an additional 3,00,000 barrels of crude next month. They also made a point that the decision had been made a week ago, and not in response to Bush’s visit.

Energy analysts saw it as a token, and, in fact, oil markets responded by boosting prices a few more dollars to $128 a barrel.

A dozen years ago, OPEC, led by the Saudis, were more likely to loosen their oil spigots, often cheating on the oil cartel’s self-imposed quotas. Today their primary goal is to keep the supply and demand in close balance — and guard against prices tanking.

So when Bush made his second personal appeal this year to King Abdullah in search of ways to ease the pain for American motorists from soaring gasoline costs, the Saudis told him there’s plenty of oil already available. The additional 3,00,000 barrels — bringing Saudi Arabian production to 9.4 million barrels a day — was simply to meet customer needs in June, officials explained.

Saudi oil minister Ali al-Naimi scolded those “who are questioning our oil practices and policies.” Saudi officials also have reminded US officials that they are increasing their capacity to produce more oil, now about 11.8 million barrels a day, but of course that does not bring any more actual oil onto the market.

Bush may not have agreed, but despite his close personal relationship with King Abdullah, he was not going to getting anything close to what he sought. For the Saudis, this is pure business.

Eight years ago when Bush was running for president and the Clinton administration was trying to pry more oil out of OPEC, the future president said that as a former oilman he would “jawbone” the producers and get them to “open their spigots.”

Bill Richardson, now the governor of New Mexico and then US energy secretary, says he jawboned as best he could and “on several occasions they increased production and the price actually went down.”

“They hated to see me coming, but they listened,” said Richardson, adding that the Saudis and other OPEC countries “aren’t terribly concerned about high prices.” While Bush promised he would jawbone, said Richardson, “he never did it. ... He never jawbones.”