Wiki: China helping Pak upgrade its missiles

January 23,2007

Ring rolling machine for Pakistan’s ballistic missile programme

The US mission in Beijing is asked to confront China with information that Chinese firm Jinan Metal Forming Machinery Engineering Co (JFMMRI) was working to supply ring-rolling machines to Pakistan’s Heavy Mechanical Complex (HMC) for its ballistic missile programme. Though not controlled by the Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR),the end use was in question because these machines can be used to make “stiffener rings for ballistic missile airframes and in the production of solid rocket motor cases”.

February 14,2007

Flow forming machines used for missile airframes

The US told China that a Chinese entity affiliated with Pakistan’s missile programme was working to procure a flow forming machine — an item controlled under the MTCR — from sources in China. In November 2006,Pak’s HMC was trying to purchase a ring-rolling machine from JFMMRI. HMC also approached China National Nonferrous Metals Import Export Company (CNNMIEC) in Beijing to buy a flow-forming machine which can be used to “create a variety of complex shapes like missile end domes”.

September 17,2007

Bank guarantees

The US for the first time ascertains that bank guarantees had been given to JFMMRI and tells China that all this was headed to National Development Complex which was making Pakistan’s Shaheeen series of nuclear ballistic missiles.

October 13,2008

Fibre coil winning machine and integrated optical chips

The US shared with China

Information that Chinese firm Polytechnologies Inc concluded contracts in February 2008 to supply a fiber coil winding machine and integrated optical chips to Pakistan’s Advanced Engineering and Research Organization (AERO). “Our information indicates… false documentation may have been or will be provided to Chinese export control authorities… this equipment will likely be used by AERO to support missile-related projects in Pakistan.”

October 24,2008

Trisonic wind tunnel

The US State Department tells its Beijing post that in December 2007,the China Precision Machinery Import-Export Corporation (CPMIEC) and China Academy of Aerospace Aerodynamics (CAAA) concluded a contract to supply Pakistan a trisonic wind tunnel which is controlled by the MTCR. “We believe Pakistan may intend to use this wind tunnel… to support missile-related research and development in Pakistan.”

March 27,2009

Electrodynamic vibration test system

The US State Department tells its embassy in Beijing that in late January 2009,Pakistan’s Intralink Incorporated sought a quote from Chinese firm Suzhou Testing Instrument Factory for an electrodynamic vibration test system. Intralink Incorporated is “closely associated” with the Project Management Organization,the developer of Pakistan’s Ghaznavi short-range ballistic missile.

March 27,2009

Speciality steel meant for short-range ballistic missile Ghaznavi (MTCR category 1 system)

In February 2009,China’s Beijing Tianlianxing Scientific Ltd. offered 1,000 kg of speciality steel to Pakistan’s Aginel Enterprises,an entity associated with the country’s nuclear weapons and missile programmes. This type of steel is not controlled but has been used in “components of Pakistan’s Ghaznavi short-range ballistic missile”.

July 21,2009

Three-axis rotation and single axis gyroscopes

The State Department sounds out the Russian government through its embassy in Moscow about a Chinese entity purchasing “three-axis rotation and single-axis gyroscopes” from Russian company Optolink. “This Chinese company,Beijing Comfort Technology and Development Co. Ltd,is believed to serve as a front company in order to obscure the identity of the actual end-user,a cruise missile-related institute (Pakistan’s Advanced Engineering and Research Organization (AERO),the commercial arm of Pakistan’s Air Weapons Complex)”.

July 29,2009

Carbon fibres

The US tells China in June 2009 that Chinese firm Beijing Jingda Zhiyuan Technologies Development Ltd was working to provide carbon fiber to a Pakistani missile developer. The fibres in question — type T700S,which is controlled by the MTCR,and type T300,which is controlled by the Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG) — are used in the manufacture of composite material that can be used to produce missile components such as motor cases,reentry vehicles nose tips,propellant tanks,and rocket motor nozzles.

December 4,2009

Ring laser gyroscopes

The State Department tells China that its Nav Technology was attempting to supply ring laser gyroscopes to a Pakistani firm with links to its ballistic and cruise missile programmes.