Intestinal virus outbreak kills 22 children in China

All of the fatalities have been in children younger than six, the majority of them under two.

The outbreak, caused by an intestinal virus, has been spreading in the city of Fuyang since early March but local health officials only announced the outbreak this week, raising questions about whether they were trying to conceal it.

In recent days, the Chinese media has heavily criticised the government response, offering comparisons to the SARS epidemic of 2003, which drew widespread attention to China’s shaky public health system and official attempts to cover up the outbreak. The official Xinhua news agency published the latest figures on Friday.

On Thursday, the World Health Organization warned that the disease, which thrives in warm weather and passes easily between children, could spread in the coming summer months. It advised child-care centers and schools in the city and surrounding region to stay closed until the spread of new infections was curtailed.

The illness begins with a fever and often leads to mouth ulcers and to blisters on the hands, feet and buttocks. There is no vaccine or cure but most patients recover in a week without treatment. In severe cases, however, brain swelling can lead to paralysis or death. Rigorous hygiene dramatically reduces the spread of the pathogen.

Health officials in Fuyang say that more than 970 children remain hospitalized, 48 of them in critical condition. Health officials said that the disease had also spread to three adjacent provinces, with the bulk of them — 340 cases — in Hubei.

Although the number of infected children has been steadily climbing, the fatality rate has dropped substantially in recent weeks, falling to 0.2 percent from 11 percent in March, according to World Health Organization officials.

Anxious parents have been overwhelming local hospitals in Fuyang, a hardscrabble city of 170,000 people. In a telephone interview, a doctor at No. 2 People’s Hospital said health care workers were coping with 200 sick children.

During the SARS outbreak, Chinese officials withheld information from WHO and restricted reporting.